Certified Information Systems Auditor 2025 – 400 Free Practice Questions to Pass the Exam

Inherent risk refers to the level of risk that exists in the absence of any controls or mitigation strategies. This type of risk is particularly high in scenarios where unauthorized users can access sensitive data, as it directly relates to the likelihood of such unauthorized access occurring. In the context of confidentiality, inherent risk is significant because it encompasses the potential vulnerabilities present within a system or process that could allow unauthorized individuals to obtain confidential information.

The nature of inherent risk encompasses various factors, including the sensitivity of the information being handled and the existing environmental threats to that information. Therefore, when considering projects that deal with sensitive data, the risk level is inherently high without the implementation of adequate security controls.

In contrast, residual risk involves the remaining risk that exists after security measures have been implemented, and controlled risk pertains to risks that have been actively managed through effective controls. Operational risk relates primarily to failures in internal processes, systems, or external events rather than the risk of unauthorized users explicitly affecting confidentiality. Understanding inherent risk is crucial in assessing the level of vigilance required to protect sensitive information from unauthorized access effectively.